An encumbered vehicle has a registered security interest over it—usually outstanding finance—so it’s still collateral for a lender, not truly the seller’s to hand over scot-free.
If you buy it and the debt isn’t cleared, the financier can legally repossess the car, and you’re left holding a very expensive set of keys.
To stay safe, run a PPSR check on the VIN and only proceed if the certificate shows “no security interest recorded” on the day you pay.
If there is finance, settle it as part of the sale (payout letter, funds to the lender) and keep written proof; then confirm the PPSR is cleared.

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